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All explainers

Trade and legal rules

FMVSS and EPA Compliance

FMVSS is the federal vehicle safety rule set from NHTSA. EPA rules cover emissions. One approval does not replace the other.

Data as of October 2, 2026

This page is factual and informational only. It is not legal advice.

FMVSS

Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards are the crash, equipment, and performance standards in 49 CFR Part 571. NHTSA writes them. 49 U.S.C. § 30115 uses manufacturer self-certification. The manufacturer, not NHTSA, certifies that the vehicle complies and affixes the label. 49 U.S.C. § 30112 restricts the manufacture, sale, and import of vehicles that do not comply with an applicable standard. [1] [3] [2]

EPA

EPA administers Clean Air Act rules for vehicles and engines. Importing a vehicle or engine that is not covered by a certificate of conformity, or by an exemption EPA recognizes, can be a prohibited act under 42 U.S.C. § 7522. EPA publishes its own import instructions. A NHTSA safety exemption does not, by itself, decide the EPA question. This page does not state an EPA age number, because that figure belongs on the EPA page in force on the day of entry. [4] [5]

Catalog notes

Many catalog cars store us_fmvss_certified and us_epa_certified as false, plus a short barrier line. Those fields record that this catalog does not have a certification record for that car. They are not a NHTSA or EPA order about that car. [2] [4]

Sources

  1. [1] 49 CFR Part 571 — Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards — eCFR / NHTSA
  2. [2] 49 U.S.C. § 30112 — Congress.gov
  3. [3] 49 U.S.C. § 30115 — Certification of compliance — Congress.gov
  4. [4] Importing vehicles and engines into the United States — U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
  5. [5] 42 U.S.C. § 7522 — Prohibited acts — Congress.gov

Cars affected

Published catalog cars whose public notes, description, specs, name, or stated country match this term. A match is not a legal conclusion about that car.

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